In JavaScript, the await keyword is used with the async function to pause the execution of the function until a Promise is fulfilled or rejected. It can only be used inside an async function.

For example, if you have an asynchronous function that returns a Promise, you can use await to wait for the Promise to be resolved and get the result.

Here is an example:

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async function getData() {
  const response = await fetch('https://api.example.com/data');
  const data = await response.json();
  return data;
}

In the above code, the await keyword is used to wait for the fetch() request to complete and for the response to be obtained. Once the response is obtained, the await keyword is used again to wait for the JSON data to be parsed before returning it from the function.

Keep in mind that await can only be used inside an async function. If you try to use it outside of an async function, you will get a syntax error.

You can learn more about async and await in JavaScript in the MDN documentation here: Async functions - Making Promises easier

A promise in JavaScript is an object that represents the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation. It is used for handling asynchronous operations, such as making API calls or reading files, in a more organized and readable way.

Promises have three states:

• Pending: The initial state. The promise is still being resolved or rejected.
• Fulfilled: The asynchronous operation has been completed successfully, and the promise is resolved. It returns a value.
• Rejected: The asynchronous operation has encountered an error, and the promise is rejected. It returns an error.

Promises have two main methods:

• then(): This method is called when the promise is fulfilled. It takes two optional callbacks, one for success and one for failure. The success callback receives the resolved value, and the failure callback receives the rejected error.
• catch(): This method is called when the promise is rejected. It takes a callback function that receives the error.

Here's an example of using a promise to fetch data from an API:

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fetch('https://api.example.com/data')
  .then(response => response.json())
  .then(data => {
    // Do something with the fetched data
    console.log(data);
  })
  .catch(error => {
    // Handle any errors that occurred during the fetch
    console.error(error);
  });

In this example, the fetch() function returns a promise. We can use the then() method to handle the response and parse it as JSON. If there are any errors during the fetch, the catch() method can handle them.

To call router.push in Next.js as async, you can wrap it in a Promise and use the await keyword. Here's an example code snippet in JavaScript:

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const handleClick = async () => {
  await new Promise(resolve => router.push('/newRoute', undefined, { shallow: true }, resolve))
  // The code below this line will be executed only after the route changes
  console.log('Route changed successfully!')
}

In this example, the handleClick function is declared as async. Inside the function, we create a Promise that resolves when the route changes and wrap router.push in that promise. The await keyword is then used to wait for the Promise to resolve before executing the code below it. This ensures that we only log to the console after the route has changed successfully.

You can learn more about routing in Next.js in their official documentation here.

In TypeScript, a Promise<number> is a type definition that represents a promise that will eventually return a number. A Promise is an object that represents the eventual completion (or failure) of an asynchronous operation, and is commonly used to handle asynchronous operations like network requests, database queries, and other operations that may take time.

Here's an example of how you can define and use a Promise<number> in TypeScript:

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function fetchNumber(): Promise<number> {
  return new Promise<number>((resolve, reject) => {
    // some asynchronous operation, e.g., fetch a number from server
    const randomNum = Math.floor(Math.random() * 10);
    if (randomNum >= 5) {
      resolve(randomNum); // operation succeeded, return the number
    } else {
      reject("Failed to fetch a number."); // operation failed, return an error
    }
  });
}

// usage:
fetchNumber()
  .then((num) => {
    console.log(`The number is: ${num}`);
  })
  .catch((error) => {
    console.error(`An error occurred: ${error}`);
  });

In this example, fetchNumber() is a function that returns a Promise<number>. It creates a new promise and defines the code to execute when the operation succeeds (resolve) or fails (reject). Then, we use fetchNumber() by calling it and chaining .then() and .catch() methods to handle the eventual completion of the promise. If the operation succeeds, the .then() method is called with the number value as its argument; otherwise, the .catch() method is called with the error message as its argument.

It sounds like you might be having a problem with a failed npm install of axios. Axios is a promise-based HTTP client for the browser and NodeJS which can be installed using the following command:

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npm install axios

If the install command fails, it may be due to an outdated npm version or inadequate permissions. Please take a look at this Axios Documentation page for troubleshooting instructions: 12-things-you-should-know-about-axios.html

Hope this helps!

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const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    if (someCondition) {
        resolve('the promise was fulfilled');
    }
    reject('the promse was rejected');
});