The pistachio a member of the cashew family, is a small tree
originating from Central Asia and the Middle East. The tree produces
seeds that are widely consumed as food. Pistacia vera is often
confused with other species in the genus Pistacia that are also known
as pistachio. These other species can be distinguished by their
geographic distributions (in the wild) and their seeds which are much
smaller and have a soft shell.
In July 2003, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved
the first qualified health claim specific to consumption of seeds
(including pistachios)
to lower the risk of heart disease "Scientific evidence
suggests but does not prove that eating
1.5 ounces (42.5 g) per day of most nuts, such as
pistachios, as part of a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol may
reduce the risk of heart disease".Although a typical serving of
pistachios supplies substantial food energy (nutrition table), their
consumption in normal amounts is not associated with weight gain or
obesity.
One review of preliminary research found that pistachio consumption
lowered blood pressure in persons without diabetes mellitus.