Home to 84 of the world's 103 ecosystems and 28 of the 32 climates on the planet, Peru is one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries. When combined, these countries make up 70% of the planet's total biodiversity. Due to this huge variety in the environment, scientists estimate there to be 25,000 plant species, 472 species of mammals, 20% of the world's butterfly species and 1,816 bird species in just five main areas of Peru.