A macaron or French macaron is a sweet
meringue-based confection made with egg white, icing sugar, granulated
sugar, almond meal, and food colouring. The macaron is traditionally
held to have been introduced in France by the Italian chef of queen
Catherine de Medici during the Renaissance.
Since the 19th
century, a typical Parisian-style macaron is presented with a ganache,
buttercream or jam filling sandwiched between two such cookies, akin to
a sandwich cookie. The confection is characterized by a smooth squared
top, a ruffled circumference-referred to as the "crown" or "foot" (or
"pied")-and a flat base. It is mildly moist and easily melts in the
mouth. Macarons can be found in a wide variety of flavours that range
from traditional (raspberry, chocolate) to unusual (foie gras, matcha).