Low quality sleep has been linked with health conditions like
cardiovascular disease, obesity, and mental illness. While poor sleep is
common among those with cardiovascular disease, some research indicates
that poor sleep can be a contributing cause. Short sleep duration of
less than seven hours is correlated with coronary heart disease and
increased risk of death from coronary heart disease. Sleep duration
greater than nine hours is also correlated with coronary heart disease,
as well as stroke and cardiovascular events.
In both children and adults, short sleep duration is associated with an
increased risk of obesity, with various studies reporting an increased
risk of 45β55%. Other aspects of sleep health have been associated with
obesity, including daytime napping, sleep timing, the variability of
sleep timing, and low sleep efficiency. However, sleep duration is the
most-studied for its impact on obesity.
Sleep problems have been frequently viewed as a symptom of mental
illness rather than a causative factor. However, a growing body of
evidence suggests that they are both a cause and a symptom of mental
illness. Insomnia is a significant predictor of major depressive
disorder; a meta-analysis of 170,000 people showed that insomnia at the
beginning of a study period indicated a more than the twofold increased
risk for major depressive disorder. Some studies have also indicated
correlation between insomnia and anxiety, post-traumatic stress
disorder, and suicide. Sleep disorders can increase the risk of
psychosis and worsen the severity of psychotic episodes.