The Dog or domestic dog (Canis familiaris) is a
domesticated descendant of the wolf, characterized by an upturning tail.
The dog derived from an ancient, extinct wolf, and the modern grey wolf
is the dog's nearest living relative. The dog was the first species to
be domesticated, by hunter–gatherers over 15,000 years ago, before the
development of agriculture. Due to their long association with humans,
dogs have expanded to a large number of domestic individuals and gained
the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for
other canids.Over the millennia, dogs became uniquely adapted to human
behavior, and the human-canine bond has been a topic of frequent study.
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