People have taken psychoactive substances (drugs) throughout human history, for many reasons, with the most commonly used drugs being alcohol and cannabis. Most substance use does not harm the individual or anyone else. However, in a small percentage of cases, people can experience negative consequences from their substance use, or become physically or psychologically dependent.
There is a broad range of substance use – from abstinence to dependence (or substance use disorder). An individual’s substance use may change throughout their life, for a variety of reasons. For these reasons, substance use and dependence can be understood as being on a spectrum, as seen in the model below.
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