Abstract art uses visual language of shape, form, color and line to create a composition which may exist with a degree
of independence from visual references in the world. Western art had been, from the Renaissance up to the middle of the
19th century, underpinned by the logic of perspective and an attempt to reproduce an illusion of visible reality. By the
end of the 19th century many artists felt a need to create a new kind of art which would encompass the fundamental
changes taking place in technology, science and philosophy. The sources from which individual artists drew their
theoretical arguments were diverse, and reflected the social and intellectual preoccupations in all areas of Western
culture at that time.
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