Women in computing were among the
first programmers in the early 20th century, and contributed
substantially to the industry.
As technology and practices altered, the role of women as programmers
has changed, and the recorded history of the field has downplayed their
achievements. Since the 18th century, women have developed scientific
computations, including Nicole-Reine Lepaute's prediction of Halley's
Comet, and Maria Mitchell's computation of the motion of Venus.
The first algorithm intended to be executed by a computer was
designed by Ada Lovelace
who was a pioneer in the field.
Grace Hopper was the first person to design a compiler for a
programming language. Throughout the 19th and early 20th century, and up to World War II,
programming was predominantly done by women; significant
examples include the Harvard Computers, codebreaking at Bletchley Park
and engineering at NASA.
After the 1960s, the computing work that had been dominated by women
evolved into modern software, and the importance of women decreased. The
gender disparity and the lack of women in computing from the late 20th
century onward has been examined, but no firm explanations have been
established.
Nevertheless, many women continued to make significant and important
contributions to the IT industry, and attempts were made to readdress
the gender disparity in the industry.
In the 21st century, women held leadership roles in multiple tech
companies, such as
Meg Cushing Whitman, president and chief executive officer of Hewlett
Packard Enterprise, and
Marissa Mayer, president and CEO of Yahoo! and key spokesperson at
Google. In November 2023, national media reported an ICT training programme
for female founders in Abuja organised through the National Information
Technology Development Agency (NITDA).