Penetration testing , or "pen testing," is a simulated cyber attack on a computer system, network, or web application aimed at identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities to assess security. It can be conducted in various ways, including black box (no prior knowledge), white box (full knowledge), and gray box (partial knowledge) testing. The process typically involves several phases: planning, reconnaissance to gather information, exploitation of identified vulnerabilities, and reporting on findings. Penetration testing is essential for organizations to uncover security weaknesses before they can be exploited by attackers, ensuring compliance with regulations and enhancing overall cybersecurity. The outcome includes a detailed report outlining vulnerabilities, potential impacts, and recommendations for remediation.
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