Baking is a method of preparing food that uses dry heat,
typically in an oven, but can also be done in hot ashes,
or on hot stones. The most common baked item is bread,
but many other types of foods can be baked. Heat is gradually
transferred "from the surface of cakes, cookies, and pieces of bread
to their center, typically conducted at elevated temperatures surpassing 300Β°F.
Dry heat cooking imparts a distinctive richness to foods through the processes of
caramelization and surface browning. As heat travels through, it transforms batters
and doughs into baked goods and more with a firm dry crust and a softer center.
Baking can be combined with grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant
by using both methods simultaneously, or one after the other. Baking is related to barbecuing
because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke pit.
Baking has traditionally been performed at home for day-to-day meals and in
bakeries and restaurants for local consumption. When production was industrialized,
baking was automated by machines in large factories. The art of baking remains a fundamental skill
and is important for nutrition, as baked goods, especially bread, are a common and important food,
both from an economic and cultural point of view. A person who prepares
baked goods as a profession is called a baker.
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