Machu Picchu is an Incan citadel set high in the Andes Mountains in Peru, above the Urubamba River valley. Built in the
15th century and later abandoned, itβs renowned for its sophisticated dry-stone walls that fuse huge blocks without the
use of mortar, intriguing buildings that play on astronomical alignments and panoramic views. Its exact former use
remains a mystery.
Most archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was constructed as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438β1472).
Often mistakenly referred to as the "Lost City of the Incas", it is the most familiar icon of Inca civilization. The
Incas built the estate around 1450 but abandoned it a century later at the time of the Spanish conquest. Although known
locally, it was not known to the Spanish during the colonial period and remained unknown to the outside world until
American historian Hiram Bingham brought it to international attention in 1911.
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