Baking is a method of preparing food that uses dry
heat, typically in an oven, but can also be done in hot ashes, or on hot
stones. The most common baked item is bread, but many other types of
foods can be baked.[1] Heat is gradually transferred "from the surface
of cakes, cookies, and pieces of bread to their center. As heat travels
through, it transforms batters and doughs into baked goods and more with
a firm dry crust and a softer center".[2] Baking can be combined with
grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant by using both methods
simultaneously, or one after the other. Baking is related to barbecuing
because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke
pit.
Baking has traditionally been performed at home for day-to-day meals and
in bakeries and restaurants for local consumption. When production was
industrialized, baking was automated by machines in large factories. The
art of baking remains a fundamental skill and is important for
nutrition, as baked goods, especially bread, are a common and important
food, both from an economic and cultural point of view. A person who
prepares baked goods as a profession is called a baker. On a related
note, a pastry chef is someone who is trained in the art of making
pastries,cakes, desserts, bread, and other baked goods.
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