The African penguin (Spheniscus demersus), also known as Cape penguin or
South African penguin, is a species of penguin confined to southern
African waters. Like all extant penguins, it is flightless, with a
streamlined body and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a
marine habitat. Adults weigh an average of 2.2–3.5 kg (4.9–7.7 lb) and are
60–70 cm (24–28 in) tall. The species has distinctive pink patches of skin
above the eyes and a black facial mask. The body's upper parts are black
and sharply delineated from the white underparts, which are spotted and
marked with a black band. The African penguin is a pursuit diver and feeds
primarily on fish and squid. Once extremely numerous, the African penguin
is declining rapidly due to a combination of several threats and is
classified as endangered. It is a charismatic species and is popular with
tourists. Other vernacular names of the species include black-footed
penguin and jackass penguin, due to the species' loud, donkey-like noise,
although several related species of South Jackass penguins produce the
same sound. They can be found along the coast of South Africa and Namibia.
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