TIG stands for tungsten inert gas and is technically called gas tungsten
arc welding (GTAW). The process uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode
that delivers the current to the welding arc. The tungsten and weld
puddle are protected and cooled with an inert gas, typically argon. TIG
welding is similar to oxy-acetylene welding in that you use a filler
material for build-up or reinforcement
How does a TIG welder work?
TIG machines use a foot-operated variable amperage control. After the
maximum amperage desired is pre-set on the machine, this allows you to
vary the amperage up to the maximum pre-set amperage. This is useful
when welding alloy steels, such as 4130 chrome-moly. The foot
control allows you to slowly initiate the heat, and after the weld is
complete you can slowly reduce the heat.This soft start and soft stop
prevents temperature shocking the metal. Many alloy steels used in
race cars are sensitive to thermal shock. Welding by other means may
lead to brittle welds.