Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council
areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian, it is located in
Lothian on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth. Edinburgh is
Scotland's second-most populous city, after Glasgow, and the
seventh-most populous city in the United Kingdom. Recognised as the
capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is the
seat of the Scottish Government, the Scottish Parliament and the highest
courts in Scotland. The city's Palace of Holyroodhouse is the official
residence of the British monarchy in Scotland. The city has long been a
centre of education, particularly in the fields of medicine, Scottish
law, literature, philosophy, the sciences, and engineering. It is the
second-largest financial centre in the United Kingdom, and the city's
historical and cultural attractions have made it the UK's second-most
visited tourist destination attracting 4.9 million visits, including 2.4
million from overseas in 2018.