Currently, gasoline powers around 90% of vehicles on Earth, but that number will only decrease as
electric vehicles powered by lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells begin to dominate the vehicle industry.
The amount of gasoline present in Earth's sediment is only decreasing as the fuel in finite, thus urgency to have
a sustainable fuel alternative is crucial for society's great demand of fuel for vehicles. Gasoline
can be seen as the fuel of the past, present, and near future before it becomes scarce.
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Lithium-ion battery-powered electric vehicles can be viewed as
the most promising alternative to gas-powered vehicles for one of the reasons
being that they have an efficiency of 67%, whereas hydrogen has, at best, an efficiency of
32.85%, and at worst, 19.16%. Like hydrogen, lithium-ion batteries can be
produced from low to zero carbon sources like solar and wind.
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Fuel cells are said to be the "fuel of the future" as the specific energy of hydrogen, at best, 40,000 Wh/kg, whereas lithium-ion batteries have
a significantly smaller specific energy of, at best, 278 Wh/kg. In other terms, fuel cells have 236 times more specfic energy than lithium-ion batteries.
If fuel cells could be made cheaper to produce, transport, and store than its equivalent amount of energy in gasoline, then it would be an effective fuel for
transportation. But currently the majority of electric vehicle research surrounds lithium-ion batteries, so if there were to be more research conducted on
hydrogen to ensure it is a more effective fuel for transportation, then it would live up to the name of being the fuel of the future.
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