Kharkiv was founded in 1654 as Kharkiv fortress, and after
these humble beginnings, it grew to be a major centre of industry, trade
and Ukrainian culture. Kharkiv is a major cultural, scientific,
educational, transport and industrial centre of Ukraine, with numerous
museums, theatres and libraries, including the Annunciation and
Dormition Cathedrals, the Derzhprom building in Freedom Square, and the
National University of Kharkiv. Kharkiv was a host city for UEFA Euro
2012.
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Kharkiv was the site of
heavy fighting between the Ukrainian and Russian forces.